89C2051 and 7-Segment Displays based 99 Seconds Countdown Timer

A very simple countdown timer suite implemented on 89C2051 microcontroller.

1st Switch button is used to set time up to 99 seconds, 2nd switch button is for starting timer.

Time is displayed on two 7 segment LED displays.

Since the output buffer of P1 can sink 20mA (each output pin, but maximum IOL for all outputs was limited at 80mA), thus we can use P1 to drive LED display directly.

As shown in the circuit, Two common-anode 7-segment LEDs are connected to P1 with 180 Ohms current limiting resistor.

Each segment of two LED are tied in parallel to P1. Q1 and Q2 are activated by logic low of P3.0 and P3.1, sourcing +5V to common anode pins.

P3.4 read logic low if either S1 or S2 was pressed while scanning period have made.

Source code (Wichit Sirichote in 1999) compiled with Dunfield Micro-C for 8051 Release 3.2

/*
* 7-seg.c
* Driving 2-digit 7-segment Common Anode LED & keypad
* Copyright (C) 1999 Wichit Sirichote
* compiled with Dunfield Micro-C for 8051 Release 3.2
* c:\mc\cc51 7-seg -i h=c:\mc m=t
*/

#include c:\mc\8051io.h /* include i/o header file */
#include c:\mc\8051reg.h

extern register char cputick; // cputick was incremented every 10ms

register unsigned char flag1;
unsigned register char sec,digit,buffer[2];
register char key;

char convert[10] = {0x3F,0x0c,0×76,0x5e,0x4d,0x5b,0x7b,0x0e,0x7f,0x5f};
// LED pattern for 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

/* my LED’s segment pin designation
b
__
a|__| c
f | | d
—-
e
*/

#define setValue 99

main()
{
flag1 = 0;
sec = setValue;
timeToBuffer();
serinit(9600); // set timer0 to be 16 bit counter
while(1){

while(cputick < 10)
scanLED();
// execute the following functions every 100ms
cputick = 0;
timeToBuffer();
keyexe();
countdown();
}
}

scanLED() /* scan 2-digit LED and 2-key switch, if key pressed key = 0-1
else key = -1 */

{
int i;
digit = 0×02; // scan code 00000010
key = -1;
for( i = 0; i < 2; i++) /* 2-DIGIT scanning */
{
P3 = ~digit; /* send complement[digit] */
P1 = ~buffer[i]; /* send complement[segment] */
delay(1); /* delay 1ms */
P1 = 0xff; /* off LED */
if ((P3 & 0×10) == 0) /* if key pressed P3.4 became low */
key = i; /* save key position to key variable */
digit>>=1; /* next digit */
}
}

timeToBuffer() // converts binary data in sec to 7-segment pattern
{
buffer[0] = convert[sec%10];
buffer[1] = convert[sec/10];
}

countdown()
{
if ((flag1 & 0×02) != 0)
sec–;
if (sec == 0 )
flag1 &= ~0×02; // clear run bit
}

keyexe()
{
if (key != -1)
{
switch(key){
case (0): /* key position 0 */
reset(); /* service key 0 */
break;
case (1): /* key position 1 */
run(); /* service key 1 */
}

}
}

reset()
{
sec = setValue; // reload set value
timeToBuffer();
flag1 &= ~0×02; // stop counting down
}

run()
{
if (sec != 0)
flag1 |= 0×02; // start counting down
}

S:

• http://chaokhun.kmitl.ac.th/~kswichit/2051/7-seg/7-seg.htm
• http://www.embedds.com/very-simple-countdown-timer-with-7-segment-displays/